![]() 6 Children and adolescents with stroke may be at particularly increased risk for recurrent strokes in later life related to these processes. Atherosclerosis is generally not a cause of stroke in children and adolescence, although it is now clear that the atherosclerotic process that leads to a stroke in adulthood may begin in childhood and that dyslipidemia tends to be more prevalent among children with ischemic stroke than in other children. Newer risk factors, including insulin resistance and inflammation, are also important. ![]() Much of adult stroke is related to the traditional risk factors for atherosclerosis, including hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, diabetes mellitus, and cigarette smoking. However, silent infarcts are likely not truly silent as in adults, a sufficient burden likely causes vascular cognitive impairment. However, this is a misnomer because the definition of stroke includes a clinical event we use the term silent infarct in this review. In older infants and children, some literature uses the term silent stroke when asymptomatic infarcts are found on neuroimaging. In CSVT, occlusion of venous sinuses may or may not be accompanied by hemorrhage. 1 Ischemic stroke includes arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) and venous infarction caused by cerebral sinovenous thrombosis (CSVT) or cortical vein thrombosis. ![]() 3–5 As in adults, pediatric stroke can also be classified according to whether the underlying cause is ischemic or hemorrhagic, as detailed in the NIH Common Data Elements. These infants typically present with pathological early handedness or seizures, leading to brain imaging and the diagnosis of a remote infarction. Presumed perinatal stroke refers to chronic infarcts, diagnosed in a delayed manner, that are presumed to have occurred in the perinatal period. Acute perinatal stroke occurs in newborn infants at or near birth and typically presents shortly after onset with focal seizures or encephalopathy. Within perinatal stroke, mode of presentation distinguishes 2 varieties. One is by age: Stroke occurring from 28 weeks’ gestation to 28 postnatal days of life is broadly classified as perinatal stroke, and stroke occurring after 28 days to 18 years of age is classified as childhood stroke. ![]() There are different ways of characterizing pediatric stroke.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |